Shopping on line can be easy, simple and save you lots of money. It can also take a lot of your time, frustrate you, and result in unwanted purchases. Now the same can be said for regular high street shopping, but with the vast opportunity presented by the Internet it will pay you to spend a few minutes reading this and understanding how to better optimize your Snowmobile shopping experience:
1. Compare - without doubt the biggest advantage that the Snowmobile offers shoppers today is the ability to compare thousands of Snowmobile at a time. This is a great thing, but not necessarily all the time! Too much can be daunting at times so take advantage of the great comparison sites and where possible let them do the hard work for you.
2. Research - if it has been said it will be on the internet. Ignorance is no longer a justifiable reason for buying the wrong thing. Take the time to research in detail everything that you could possible want to know about
3. Testimonials - don't know anybody that has bought a Snowmobile? Wrong! If the Snowmobile is good the internet will let you know. Use the Internet as a friend and get testimonials before you buy.
4. Questions - Got a question about Snowmobile then search the Forums, FAQ's, Blogs etc. Don't be afraid to ask .....
5. Reputation - Never heard of the company selling Snowmobile? Don't worry, no reason why you should know every company in the world, but you know someone that does! Use the internet to find out what people are saying about Snowmobile and build up a picture of their reputation for sales, returns, customer service, delivery etc.
6. Returns - still worried that even after all of the above your Snowmobile wont be what you want? Check out the returns policy. There is so much competition now that someone, somewhere is bound to offer the terms that you are comfortable with.
7. Feedback - happy with your Snowmobile then let people know, after all you are depending on others people input in your buying decision, so why not give a little back.
8. Security - check for the yellow padlock on the Snowmobile site before you buy, and the s after http:/ /i.e. https:// = a secure site
9. Contact - got a question about Snowmobile, or want to leave a comment then check out the sites contact page. Reputable companies have them and respond.
10. Payment - ready to pay for your Snowmobile, then use your credit card or PayPal! Be aware of companies that don't accept them, there may be genuine reasons but given the huge amount of choice you have when buying online there is no reason at all not to buy via credit card or PayPal.
.(
NPS Photo)
A
snowmobile is a land vehicle propelled by track at the rear and ski up front for steering. Early snowmobiles used rubber tracks, however a modern snowmobile will have a track made of a kevlar composite. They are designed to be operated on
snow and
ice, and require no road or trail. Most snowmobiles are typically powered by two-stroke
gasoline/petrol internal combustion engines. Four-stroke engines are becoming more and more popular in snowmobiles. Summertime occupations for snowmobile enthusiasts can also involve drag racing on
grass, asphalt strips, or even across water. People who ride them commonly are known as
snowmobilers. The three main types of riding are Snowcross/racing, trail riding and mountain climbing.
History
The first United States
patent for a snow-vehicle using the now recognized format of rear track(s) and front skis was issued to Ray H. Muscott of Waters, MI on June 27, 1916 with U.S. Patent # 1,188,981. Many individuals later modified Ford Model Ts with the undercarriage replaced with tracks and skis following this design. They were popular for rural mail delivery for a time.
The relatively dry snow conditions of the United States Midwest suited the converted model Ts and other like vehicles but they were not suitable for operation in more humid snow areas such as Southern Quebec. This led
Joseph-Armand Bombardier of the small town of Valcourt in Quebec, Canada, to invent a different
caterpillar track system suitable for all kinds of snow conditions. Bombardier had already made some "metal" tracked vehicles since 1928, but his new revolutionary track traction system (a toothed wheel covered in rubber, and a rubber and cotton track that wraps around the back wheels) was his first major invention. He started production of a large, enclosed, seven-passenger snowmobile in
1937, the B-7 and introduced another enclosed twelve-passenger model, the B-12 in 1942. The B-7 had a V-8
flathead engine from Ford Motor Company. The B-12 had a flathead in line six cylinder engine from
Chrysler industrial, and 2,817 units were produced until 1951. It was used in many applications, such as ambulances, Canada post vehicles, winter "school buses", forestry machines and even army vehicles in
World War II. Bombardier had always dreamed of a smaller version, more like the size of a motor scooter.
Numerous people had similar ideas. Edgar and Allen Hetteen and David Johnson of Roseau, Minnesota were among the first to build a practical snowmobile in 1955-1956, but the early machines were heavy (1000 lbs or 450 kg) and slow (20 mph or 30 km/h). Their company, Hetteen Hoist & Derrick Co., became Polaris Industries, a major snowmobile manufacturer.. It was only in 1959, when engines became lighter and smaller than before, that Bombardier invented what we know as the modern snowmobile in its open-cockpit one- or two-person form, and started selling it as the "Ski-doo". Competitors sprang up and copied and improved his design. In the
1970s there were over a hundred of snowmobile manufacturers. From
1970 to 1973 they sold close to two million machines, a sales summit never since equalled, with a peak of half a million in 1971. Many of the snowmobile companies were small outfits and the biggest manufacturers were often attempts by
motorcycle makers and outboard motor makers to branch off in a new market. Most of these companies went bankruptcy during the gasoline crisis of 1973 and succeeding recessions, or were bought up by the larger ones. Sales rebounded to 260,000 in
1997 but went down gradually afterward, influenced by warmer winters and the use during all four seasons of small one- or two-person all-terrain vehicles. The snowmobile market is now divided up between the four large North American makers (Bombardier Recreational Products, Arctic Cat, Yamaha Motor Corporation, and
Polaris Industries) and some specialized makers like the European
Alpina snowmobile {{Cite web|url=http://www.fjab.qc.ca/en/content/motoneige/hautetbasdelindustrie.htm|title=Industry Highs and Lows|publisher=Musée J-Armand Bombardier|accessdate=2007-04-23|date=2003--> {{Cite web|url=http://www.snowmobile.org/facts_snfcts.asp|title=Snowmobiling Facts|publisher=International Snowmobile Manufacturers Associations|accessdate=2007-04-23|date=2006-->. Modern snowmobiles can achieve speeds in excess of 120 mph km/h). Racing snowmobiles reach speeds in excess of 180 mph km/h.
Snowmobiles are widely used in arctic territories for
travel. However, the small population of the Arctic areas makes for a correspondingly small market. Most of the annual snowmobile production is sold for recreational purposes much further south, in those parts of North America where the snow cover is stable during the
winter months. The number of snowmobiles in Europe and other parts of the world is relatively low, though they are growing rapidly in popularity.
Snowmobiles designed to perform various work tasks have been available for many years with dual tracks from such manufacturers as Aktiv (Sweden), who made Aktiv Grizzly, Ockelbo (Sweden), who made the 8000, and Bombardier who made the Alpine and later the Alpine II. Currently Alpina snowmobile is the only manufacturer of dual track work sleds.
An odd version of snowmobile is the Swedish
Larven made by Lenko in Östersund from the 1960s until the end of the 1980s. It was a very small and basic design with just an engine in the rear and a track. The driver sat on it and steered using skiis on his feet{{Cite web|url=http://www.larvenklubben.se|title=Larsen Klubben|accessdate=2007-10-08-->
Performance
High-performance snowmobiles will beat most stock or aftermarket cars in a 0-100 km/h drag race (when the snowmobile is equipped for "asphalt drags"). Many 2007 snowmobiles will accelerate to 100mph+ in under six seconds (when set-up for ice-drags) . Mountain sleds permit access in remote areas, of deep snow, which was nearly impossible a few decades ago. This is mainly due to improvements in technology.
Environmental impact
The natural environmental impact of snowmobiles has been the subject of much debate. Most snowmobiles are still powered by
two-stroke engines, although Alpina snowmobile and
Yamaha have been using four-strokes respectively since 2002 and 2003. In the last decade several manufacturers have been experimenting with less polluting motors, and putting most of them in production. Yamaha and Arctic-Cat were the first to mass produce four-stroke models, which are significantly less polluting than the early two-stroke machines. Alpina offers a 4-stroke EFI engine equipped with exhaust converter (catalyst) and dual oxygen-probe, which is the state of the art in the emissions control among snowmobiles. Bombardier’s Semi-Direct Injection (SDI) two stroke motors emit 60 percent less pollutants than previous carburated 2-strokes. Polaris is using a fuel-injection technology called "Cleanfire Injection" on their 2 strokes. The industry is also working on direct injected "clean two strokes" which are actually an improvement on Carburetor four strokes in terms of NOX emissions. Only four-stroke snowmobiles are allowed in Yellowstone park.
Cornices and other kinds of jumps are sought after for aerial maneuvers. Riders are often very zealous in their search for un-tracked, prime terrain and are known to "trailblaze" or "boondock" deep into remote territory where there is absolutely no visible path to travel on. Riders will often look for large open fields of fresh snow where they can sleiter. Some riders use extensively modified snowmobiles, customized with parts such as handle bar risers, handguards, custom/lightweight hoods, windshields, and seats, running board supports, and numerous other modifications that increase power and maneuverability. Many of these customizations can now be purchased straight off the showroom floor on stock machines.
Economic
where they are an important form of transport for the country's reindeer farmersSnowmobilers in Canada and the United States spend over $28 billion on snowmobiling each year. This includes expenditures on equipment, clothing, accessories, snowmobiling vacations, etc. It is very often the only source of income for some smaller towns that rely solely on tourism during the summer and winter months, while it still has a major economic impact on larger cities and towns as well.
Accidents
Loss of control can readily cause extensive damage, injury, or death. A common accident entails a rider losing his or her grip on the machine because they do not have an adequate grip and do not realize how powerful the machine is, which often results in the now rider-less sled crashing into objects like trees.
It is also possible for a rider to cut a turn too quickly, veer off the road and flip the machine and/or head directly into a tree. Also, many cases of decapitation have occurred. Riders going too fast in an area they are unfamiliar with drive through barbwire or haywire fences at high speeds often resulting in decapitation or mutilation.
People die every year when they crash into other snowmobiles,
automobiles, pedestrians, or trees or fall through ice. Around 10 people a year die in such crashes in Minnesota alone with
alcoholic beverage a contributing factor in many (but not all) cases. In
Saskatchewan, 16 out of 21 deaths in snowmobile collisions between
1996 and
2000 were alcohol-related.
Events
Grass drags are held every summer to fall (autumn), with the largest event being Hay Days in
Lino Lakes, Minnesota. Hay Days has always been the first weekend following the Labor Day Holiday.The
World Championship Watercross or Snowmobile skipping races are held in
Grantsburg, Wisconsin in July.The Snocross racing series, where snomobiles race on
motocross-like courses during the winter season in Northern
United States and Canada, is very popular.
There are also "Ice Oval" races held on elliptical tracks or "Ice Ovals". The track resembles that of a stock car race, only the track is made out of ice. This is kind of like nascar on a snowmobile. A major oval event each winter is the Eagle River World Championship Derby held in Eagle River Wisconsin.
Water cross races are popular in the midwest. The snowmobiles race on a marked course, similar to
motocross courses without the ramps and on water.
Misnaming
Bombardier wanted to brand its snowmobile “
ski-dog” , but it seems that the tail of the “g” on the artwork fell off or was misinterpreted by the advertising agency, and it was too late to change it when Bombardier discovered it. There may have been some influence from the slang phrase "23 skidoo!" via the idea of getting away
See also
- Manufacturers
- Other related
- Snow coach
- Snowmobile skipping
- Vintage snowmobiling
References
- Descarries, Eric. "Autoneiges Bombardier: Des patenteux perpétuent la tradition". in La Presse. Monday, March 13th 2006.
- MacDonald, Larry. The Bombardier story : planes, trains, and snowmobiles. Toronto : J. Wiley, 2001.
- SLEDtv.org - Snowmobile Television - Snowmobile Statistics
External links
- CBC Digital Archives - Bombardier: The Snowmobile Legacy
- How Stuff Works - Snowmobiles
- example of Water Cross - summer snowmobiling
- Environmental Impact Studies
.(
NPS Photo)
A
snowmobile is a land vehicle propelled by track at the rear and ski up front for steering. Early snowmobiles used rubber tracks, however a modern snowmobile will have a track made of a kevlar composite. They are designed to be operated on
snow and ice, and require no
road or trail. Most snowmobiles are typically powered by
two-stroke gasoline/petrol internal combustion engines.
Four-stroke engines are becoming more and more popular in snowmobiles. Summertime occupations for snowmobile enthusiasts can also involve
drag racing on grass,
asphalt strips, or even across water. People who ride them commonly are known as
snowmobilers. The three main types of riding are Snowcross/racing, trail riding and mountain climbing.
History
The first United States patent for a snow-vehicle using the now recognized format of rear track(s) and front skis was issued to Ray H. Muscott of Waters, MI on June 27, 1916 with U.S. Patent # 1,188,981. Many individuals later modified
Ford Model Ts with the undercarriage replaced with tracks and skis following this design. They were popular for rural mail delivery for a time.
The relatively dry snow conditions of the United States Midwest suited the converted model Ts and other like vehicles but they were not suitable for operation in more humid snow areas such as Southern Quebec. This led
Joseph-Armand Bombardier of the small town of Valcourt in Quebec, Canada, to invent a different caterpillar track system suitable for all kinds of snow conditions. Bombardier had already made some "metal" tracked vehicles since 1928, but his new revolutionary track traction system (a toothed wheel covered in rubber, and a rubber and cotton track that wraps around the back wheels) was his first major invention. He started production of a large, enclosed, seven-passenger snowmobile in
1937, the B-7 and introduced another enclosed twelve-passenger model, the B-12 in 1942. The B-7 had a V-8
flathead engine from
Ford Motor Company. The B-12 had a flathead in line six cylinder engine from
Chrysler industrial, and 2,817 units were produced until 1951. It was used in many applications, such as ambulances, Canada post vehicles, winter "school buses", forestry machines and even army vehicles in World War II. Bombardier had always dreamed of a smaller version, more like the size of a motor scooter.
Numerous people had similar ideas. Edgar and Allen Hetteen and David Johnson of Roseau, Minnesota were among the first to build a practical snowmobile in 1955-1956, but the early machines were heavy (1000 lbs or 450 kg) and slow (20 mph or 30 km/h). Their company, Hetteen Hoist & Derrick Co., became Polaris Industries, a major snowmobile manufacturer.. It was only in 1959, when engines became lighter and smaller than before, that Bombardier invented what we know as the modern snowmobile in its open-cockpit one- or two-person form, and started selling it as the "
Ski-doo". Competitors sprang up and copied and improved his design. In the
1970s there were over a hundred of snowmobile manufacturers. From 1970 to
1973 they sold close to two million machines, a sales summit never since equalled, with a peak of half a million in 1971. Many of the snowmobile companies were small outfits and the biggest manufacturers were often attempts by
motorcycle makers and
outboard motor makers to branch off in a new market. Most of these companies went bankruptcy during the gasoline crisis of
1973 and succeeding recessions, or were bought up by the larger ones. Sales rebounded to 260,000 in
1997 but went down gradually afterward, influenced by warmer winters and the use during all four seasons of small one- or two-person all-terrain vehicles. The snowmobile market is now divided up between the four large North American makers (Bombardier Recreational Products,
Arctic Cat, Yamaha Motor Corporation, and Polaris Industries) and some specialized makers like the European
Alpina snowmobile {{Cite web|url=http://www.fjab.qc.ca/en/content/motoneige/hautetbasdelindustrie.htm|title=Industry Highs and Lows|publisher=Musée J-Armand Bombardier|accessdate=2007-04-23|date=2003--> {{Cite web|url=http://www.snowmobile.org/facts_snfcts.asp|title=Snowmobiling Facts|publisher=International Snowmobile Manufacturers Associations|accessdate=2007-04-23|date=2006-->. Modern snowmobiles can achieve speeds in excess of 120 mph km/h). Racing snowmobiles reach speeds in excess of 180 mph km/h.
Snowmobiles are widely used in
arctic territories for travel. However, the small population of the Arctic areas makes for a correspondingly small market. Most of the annual snowmobile production is sold for recreational purposes much further south, in those parts of North America where the snow cover is stable during the winter months. The number of snowmobiles in Europe and other parts of the world is relatively low, though they are growing rapidly in popularity.
Snowmobiles designed to perform various work tasks have been available for many years with dual tracks from such manufacturers as Aktiv (Sweden), who made
Aktiv Grizzly, Ockelbo (Sweden), who made the 8000, and Bombardier who made the Alpine and later the Alpine II. Currently
Alpina snowmobile is the only manufacturer of dual track work sleds.
An odd version of snowmobile is the Swedish
Larven made by
Lenko in Östersund from the 1960s until the end of the 1980s. It was a very small and basic design with just an engine in the rear and a track. The driver sat on it and steered using skiis on his feet{{Cite web|url=http://www.larvenklubben.se|title=Larsen Klubben|accessdate=2007-10-08-->
Performance
High-performance snowmobiles will beat most stock or aftermarket cars in a 0-100 km/h drag race (when the snowmobile is equipped for "asphalt drags"). Many 2007 snowmobiles will accelerate to 100mph+ in under six seconds (when set-up for ice-drags) . Mountain sleds permit access in remote areas, of deep snow, which was nearly impossible a few decades ago. This is mainly due to improvements in technology.
Environmental impact
The
natural environmental impact of snowmobiles has been the subject of much debate. Most snowmobiles are still powered by
two-stroke engines, although
Alpina snowmobile and Yamaha have been using
four-strokes respectively since 2002 and 2003. In the last decade several manufacturers have been experimenting with less polluting motors, and putting most of them in production. Yamaha and Arctic-Cat were the first to mass produce four-stroke models, which are significantly less polluting than the early two-stroke machines. Alpina offers a 4-stroke EFI engine equipped with exhaust converter (catalyst) and dual oxygen-probe, which is the state of the art in the emissions control among snowmobiles. Bombardier’s Semi-Direct Injection (SDI) two stroke motors emit 60 percent less pollutants than previous carburated 2-strokes. Polaris is using a fuel-injection technology called "Cleanfire Injection" on their 2 strokes. The industry is also working on direct injected "clean two strokes" which are actually an improvement on Carburetor four strokes in terms of NOX emissions. Only four-stroke snowmobiles are allowed in Yellowstone park.
Cornices and other kinds of jumps are sought after for aerial maneuvers. Riders are often very zealous in their search for un-tracked, prime terrain and are known to "trailblaze" or "boondock" deep into remote territory where there is absolutely no visible path to travel on. Riders will often look for large open fields of fresh snow where they can sleiter. Some riders use extensively modified snowmobiles, customized with parts such as handle bar risers, handguards, custom/lightweight hoods, windshields, and seats, running board supports, and numerous other modifications that increase power and maneuverability. Many of these customizations can now be purchased straight off the showroom floor on stock machines.
Economic
where they are an important form of transport for the country's reindeer farmersSnowmobilers in Canada and the United States spend over $28 billion on snowmobiling each year. This includes expenditures on equipment, clothing, accessories, snowmobiling vacations, etc. It is very often the only source of income for some smaller towns that rely solely on tourism during the summer and winter months, while it still has a major economic impact on larger cities and towns as well.
Accidents
Loss of control can readily cause extensive damage, injury, or death. A common accident entails a rider losing his or her grip on the machine because they do not have an adequate grip and do not realize how powerful the machine is, which often results in the now rider-less sled crashing into objects like trees.
It is also possible for a rider to cut a turn too quickly, veer off the road and flip the machine and/or head directly into a tree. Also, many cases of decapitation have occurred. Riders going too fast in an area they are unfamiliar with drive through barbwire or haywire fences at high speeds often resulting in decapitation or mutilation.
People die every year when they crash into other snowmobiles,
automobiles, pedestrians, or trees or fall through ice. Around 10 people a year die in such crashes in Minnesota alone with
alcoholic beverage a contributing factor in many (but not all) cases. In
Saskatchewan, 16 out of 21 deaths in snowmobile collisions between 1996 and 2000 were alcohol-related.
Events
Grass drags are held every summer to fall (autumn), with the largest event being Hay Days in
Lino Lakes, Minnesota. Hay Days has always been the first weekend following the Labor Day Holiday.The World Championship Watercross or
Snowmobile skipping races are held in Grantsburg, Wisconsin in July.The Snocross racing series, where snomobiles race on motocross-like courses during the winter season in Northern United States and
Canada, is very popular.
There are also "Ice Oval" races held on elliptical tracks or "Ice Ovals". The track resembles that of a stock car race, only the track is made out of ice. This is kind of like nascar on a snowmobile. A major oval event each winter is the Eagle River World Championship Derby held in Eagle River Wisconsin.
Water cross races are popular in the midwest. The snowmobiles race on a marked course, similar to
motocross courses without the ramps and on water.
Misnaming
Bombardier wanted to brand its snowmobile “
ski-dog” , but it seems that the tail of the “g” on the artwork fell off or was misinterpreted by the advertising agency, and it was too late to change it when Bombardier discovered it. There may have been some influence from the slang phrase "
23 skidoo!" via the idea of getting away
See also
- Manufacturers
- Other related
References
- Descarries, Eric. "Autoneiges Bombardier: Des patenteux perpétuent la tradition". in La Presse. Monday, March 13th 2006.
- MacDonald, Larry. The Bombardier story : planes, trains, and snowmobiles. Toronto : J. Wiley, 2001.
- SLEDtv.org - Snowmobile Television - Snowmobile Statistics
External links
- CBC Digital Archives - Bombardier: The Snowmobile Legacy
- How Stuff Works - Snowmobiles
- example of Water Cross - summer snowmobiling
- Environmental Impact Studies